Key points
- NRE interest is tax-free in India; NRO interest is taxable with 31.2% TDS.
- Indian income such as rent must go into NRO. Foreign earnings can go into NRE.
- NRE money is freely repatriable. NRO is limited to USD 1 million a financial year.
- Tax-free in India doesn't mean tax-free at home. Report NRE interest where you live.
Once you become an NRI under FEMA, you have to convert your resident savings accounts and open NRI accounts. The two main types, NRE (Non-Resident External) and NRO (Non-Resident Ordinary), are taxed very differently.
NRE vs NRO at a glance
| NRE account | NRO account | |
|---|---|---|
| What goes in | Money earned abroad | Money earned in India (rent, dividends, pension, sale proceeds) and foreign money |
| Interest taxed in India? | No, tax-free while you're an NRI | Yes, at your slab rate |
| TDS on interest | None | 31.2% (or treaty rate with TRC + Form 10F) |
| Repatriation abroad | Fully and freely repatriable | Up to USD 1 million per financial year, with Forms 145/146 |
| Currency risk | Held in rupees | Held in rupees |
| Joint holder | Another NRI (resident only as "former or survivor") | Resident or NRI |
FCNR(B): the third option
FCNR(B) deposits are fixed deposits held in foreign currency (USD, GBP, EUR and others). Interest is tax-free in India while you're an NRI, and stays tax-free while you're RNOR after returning. Because the deposit stays in foreign currency, you avoid rupee depreciation, though interest rates are lower than on rupee deposits.
Which account should you use?
- Savings sent from abroad: NRE (or FCNR if you want to avoid currency risk). The interest is tax-free and the money can go back any time.
- Indian income like rent, dividends and pension: this must go into NRO. You can't deposit Indian income into NRE.
- Property sale proceeds: credited to NRO, then repatriated within the USD 1 million limit. Sale money from property originally bought with NRE or foreign funds can have special repatriation rules. See our repatriation guide.
Watch out for these traps
- Home-country tax: the US, UK, Canada and Australia tax residents on worldwide income, including NRE interest that's tax-free in India. Report it.
- Returning to India: when you become resident under FEMA, NRE accounts must be redesignated. NRE interest exemption is linked to non-resident status, so don't keep earning "tax-free" interest after you return.
- Old resident accounts: keeping a regular savings account after becoming an NRI breaches FEMA. Convert it to NRO.
Estimate the tax on your interest with our NRO interest and DTAA calculator.
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NRO Interest & DTAA CalculatorTax and TDS on NRO, NRE and FCNR interestFrequently asked questions
Is NRE interest taxable in India?
Can I transfer money from NRO to NRE?
Can I deposit rent into an NRE account?
What happens to my NRE account when I return to India?
A chartered accountant who works with NRIs can get a lower-TDS certificate, file your return and handle repatriation paperwork.
Sources
This guide is general information based on the law as at 25 October 2026, not tax or legal advice.